Untitled Document

Table of ContentsLink
1. Front Matter
2. 1. Title PageI
  2. Copyright PageII
  3. Program AuthorsIII
  4. Program Consultant and Academic ReviewersIV
  5. Teacher ReviewersV
  6. Table of ContentsVI
  7. Go Online Digital ResourcesXI
3. Storyline 1: Forces and Motion
4. 1. Anchoring Phenomenon: How will we get to Mars?2
5. Investigation 1: Modeling Motion
6. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How did this rock move across the valley?4
  2. Experience 1: Displacement and Velocity6
  3. Experience 2: Acceleration21
  4. Experience 3: Circular and Projectile Motion35
  5. Investigation 1: Assessment49
7. Investigation 2: Forces
8. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: What caused this rockslide?50
  2. Experience 1: Force, Mass, and Acceleration52
  3. Experience 2: Types of Forces65
  4. Experience 3: Forces on Systems79
  5. Experience 4: Earth's Surface Forces95
  6. Investigation 2: Assessment111
9. Storyline 2: Forces at a Distance
10. 1. Anchoring Phenomenon: How does the moon shape our coastline?112
11. Investigation 3: Gravitational Forces
12. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: What causes the seasons?114
  2. Experience 1: Universal Gravitation116
  3. Experience 2: Orbital Motion129
  4. Experience 3: Kepler's Laws142
  5. Investigation 3: Assessment153
13. Investigation 4: Electric Forces
14. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: Why can’t we walk through walls?154
  2. Experience 1: Coulomb's Law156
  3. Experience 2: Electric Fields171
  4. Experience 3: Electric Current183
  5. Investigation 4: Assessment195
15. Investigation 5: Magnetic Forces
16. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How does this egg cook if the stove does not get hot?196
  2. Experience 1: Magnetic Forces and Fields198
  3. Experience 2: Inducing Magnetism213
  4. Experience 3: Inducing Current227
  5. Investigation 5: Assessment239
17. Investigation 6: Forces in Materials
18. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: What happens to this pole as it bends?240
  2. Experience 1: Atoms and Atomic Structure242
  3. Experience 2: Attractive and Repulsive Forces251
  4. Experience 3: Material Properties259
  5. Experience 4: Structure and Function270
  6. Investigation 6: Assessment 277
19. Storyline 3: Energy Conversion
20. 1. Anchoring Phenomenon: How does this machine transfer energy?278
21. Investigation 7: Energy
22. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: Why does a bungee jumper bounce up and down?280
  2. Experience 1: Classifying Energy and Work282
  3. Experience 2: Mechanical Energy294
  4. Experience 3: Conservation of Energy309
  5. Investigation 7: Assessment319
23. Investigation 8: Collisions
24. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How does the collision affect the motion?320
  2. Experience 1: Momentum and Impulse322
  3. Experience 2: Conservation of Momentum330
  4. Experience 3: Collisions in Earth's Crust348
  5. Investigation 8: Assessment 363
25. Investigation 9: Thermal Energy
26. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: Why does sand warm faster than water on a sunny day?364
  2. Experience 1: Temperature366
  3. Experience 2: Thermal Equilibrium and Heat Flow381
  4. Experience 3: Heat Flow Within Earth394
  5. Investigation 9: Assessment407
27. Investigation 10: Electromagnetic Energy
28. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How can we sustainably generate electrical energy?408
  2. Experience 1: Electric Potential410
  3. Experience 2: Energy in Electric Circuits421
  4. Experience 3: Power Generation435
  5. Experience 4: Energy Resources and Conservation445
  6. Investigation 10: Assessment461
29. Storyline 4: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
30. 1. Anchoring Phenomenon: How do waves transfer energy?462
31. Investigation 11: Waves
32. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How do waves change the coastline?464
  2. Experience 1: Wave Properties466
  3. Experience 2: Wave Behavior and Energy479
  4. Experience 3: Wave Optics493
  5. Investigation 11: Assessment509
33. Investigation 12: Electromagnetic Radiation
34. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How does this lens remove the glare?510
  2. Experience 1: Electromagnetic Waves and Their Properties512
  3. Experience 2: Particle-Wave Duality520
  4. Experience 3: Electromagnetic Radiation and Matter529
  5. Investigation 12: Assessment537
35. Investigation 13: Information and Instrumentation
36. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: What happens when information is transmitted from a mobile device?538
  2. Experience 1: Digital Information540
  3. Experience 2: Capturing and Transmitting Information549
  4. Experience 3: Capturing and Transmitting Energy557
  5. Investigation 13: Assessment 565
37. Storyline 5: From the Nucleus to the Universe
38. 1. Anchoring Phenomenon: How did the atoms that make up your body form?566
39. Investigation 14: Nuclear Physics
40. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How can your electricity come from the fusion of atoms?568
  2. Experience 1: Nuclear Particles570
  3. Experience 2: Nuclear Forces581
  4. Experience 3: Fission and Fusion594
  5. Investigation 14: Assessment 607
41. Investigation 15: Ages of Rocks
42. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How did Earth form?608
  2. Experience 1: Radioactive Decay610
  3. Experience 2: Radiometric Dating622
  4. Experience 3: Geologic Time636
  5. Investigation 15: Assessment 651
43. Investigation 16: The Universe
44. 1. Investigative Phenomenon: How will the sun change over time?652
  2. Experience 1: The Sun654
  3. Experience 2: Stars 665
  4. Experience 3: The Big Bang679
  5. Investigation 16: Assessment 691
45. End-of-Book Resources
46. 1. End-of-Book Resources Table of ContentsR0
  2. Appendix: Physical ConstantsR1
  3. Appendix: SI Units and EquivalentsR2
  4. GlossaryR3
  5. IndexR16
  6. CreditsR31
Florida Physics 1 Course Standards
1. SC.912.E.5.2: Identify patterns in the organization and distribution of matter in the universe and the forces that determine them.
2. 1. SE: 16-1, pp. 654-664
  2. SE: 16-2, pp. 665-678
  3. SE: 16-3, pp. 679-690
  4. TG: 16-2, pp. 414-419
  5. TG: Student Handbook 16-1, p. 411
  6. TG: Student Handbook 16-3, p. 423
  7. TG: Explain Video 16-3, p. 423
3. SC.912.E.5.6: Develop logical connections through physical principles, including Kepler's and Newton's Laws about the relationships and the effects of Earth, Moon, and Sun on each other.
4. 1. SE: 3-2, pp. 129-141
  2. SE: 3-3, pp. 142-152
  3. TG: 3-2, pp. 76-81
  4. TG: 3-3, pp. 82-88
  5. TG: Investigation Assessment 3, p. 89
5. SC.912.P.8.1: Differentiate among the four states of matter.
6. 1. SE: 6-2, pp. 256-258
  2. SE: 9-1, p. 366
  3. TG: Student Handbook 6-2, p. 151
  4. TG: Explain Video 6-2, p. 151
  5. TG: Analyzing Data 6-2, p. 149
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 6-3, p. 156
7. SC.912.P.8.3: Explore the scientific theory of atoms (also known as atomic theory) by describing changes in the atomic model over time and why those changes were necessitated by experimental evidence.
8. 1. SE: 4-1, p. 157
  2. SE: 6-1, pp. 242-250
  3. SE: 14-1, pp. 570-573
  4. TG: 6-1, pp. 142-147
  5. TG: 4-1, pp. 94-99
  6. TG: 14-1, pp. 358-365
9. SC.912.P.10.1: Differentiate among the various forms of energy and recognize that they can be transformed from one form to others.
10. 1. SE: 7-2, pp. 294-308
  2. SE: 7-3, pp. 309-318
  3. SE: 9-2, p. 383
  4. TG: 7-2, pp. 182-187
  5. TG: 7-3, pp. 188-194
  6. TG: 10-3, pp. 260-265
11. SC.912.P.10.2: Explore the Law of Conservation of Energy by differentiating among open, closed, and isolated systems and explain that the total energy in an isolated system is a conserved quantity.
12. 1. SE: 7-3, p. 310, Defining Systems
  2. SE: 7-3, p. 311, Modeling Systems
  3. SE: 7-3, p. 313
  4. TG: Student Handbook 7-3, p. 192
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-3, p. 189
  6. TG: Explain Video 7-3, p. 191
  7. TG: PhET Simulation 7-3, p. 189
13. SC.912.P.10.3: Compare and contrast work and power qualitatively and quantitatively.
14. 1. SE: 7-1, p. 292
  2. SE: 7-3, pp. 316-317
  3. TG: Student Handbook 7-1, p. 179
  4. TG: Student Handbook 7-3, p. 192
  5. TG: Investigation Assessment 7, p. 195
  6. TG: Performance-Based Assessment 7, p. 195
15. SC.912.P.10.4: Describe heat as the energy transferred by convection, conduction, and radiation, and explain the connection of heat to change in temperature or states of matter.
16. 1. SE: 9-1, pp. 374-380
  2. SE: 9-2, pp. 382-383
  3. SE: 9-3, pp. 394-406
  4. TG: 9-1, pp. 224-229
  5. TG: 9-2, pp. 230-235
  6. TG: 9-3, pp. 236-242
17. SC.912.P.10.5: Relate temperature to the average molecular kinetic energy.
18. 1. SE: 9-1, p. 369
  2. SE: 9-1, p. 371, Question 8
  3. SE: 9-1, p. 371, Temperature and Energy
  4. TG: Student Handbook 9-1, p. 227
  5. TG: Explain Video 7-2, p. 184
  6. TG: PhET Simulation 9-1, p. 225
19. SC.912.P.10.10: Compare the magnitude and range of the four fundamental forces (gravitational, electromagnetic, weak nuclear, strong nuclear).
20. 1. SE: 14-2, p. 581, Four Fundamental Forces of Nature
  2. SE: 14-2, p. 587, Force Balance in a Nucleus
  3. SE: 4-1, p. 162, Comparing Electric and Gravitational Forces
  4. TG: 14-2, pp. 366-371
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 4-2, p. 101
  6. TG: Explain Video 14-3, p. 374
21. SC.912.P.10.13: Relate the configuration of static charges to the electric field, electric force, electric potential, and electric potential energy.
22. 1. SE: 4-1, pp. 156-170
  2. SE: 4-2, pp. 171-182
  3. TG: 4-1, pp. 94-99
  4. TG: 4-2, pp. 100-105
  5. TG: 10-1, pp. 248-253
23. SC.912.P.10.14: Differentiate among conductors, semiconductors, and insulators.
24. 1. SE: 4-2, p. 176
  2. SE: 4-3, pp. 183-194
  3. SE: 6-3, p. 259
  4. TG: 4-3, pp. 106-112
  5. TG: Explain Video 4-2, p. 102
  6. TG: PhET Simulation 6-3, p. 156
25. SC.912.P.10.15: Investigate and explain the relationships among current, voltage, resistance, and power.
26. 1. SE: 4-3, pp. 189-194
  2. SE: 10-2, pp. 421-434
  3. TG: 10-2, pp. 254-259
  4. TG: 4-3, pp. 106-112
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 10-3, p. 261
27. SC.912.P.10.18: Explore the theory of electromagnetism by comparing and contrasting the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of wavelength, frequency, and energy, and relate them to phenomena and applications.
28. 1. SE: 12-1, pp. 512-519
  2. SE: 12-2, p. 523
  3. SE: 12-3, p. 530
  4. TG: 12-1, pp. 308-313
  5. TG: 12-2, pp. 314-320
  6. TG: 12-3, pp. 321-326
  7. TG: 13-3, pp. 344-350
29. SC.912.P.10.20: Describe the measurable properties of waves and explain the relationships among them and how these properties change when the wave moves from one medium to another.
30. 1. SE: 11-1, pp. 466-478
  2. SE: 11-2, pp. 479-492
  3. SE: 11-3, pp. 493-508
  4. TG: 11-1, pp. 282-287
  5. TG: 11-2, pp. 288-293
  6. TG: 11-3, pp. 294-302
31. SC.912.P.10.21: Qualitatively describe the shift in frequency in sound or electromagnetic waves due to the relative motion of a source or a receiver.
32. 1. SE: 11-2, pp. 480-481
  2. SE: 12-1, p. 512
  3. SE: 16-3, pp. 679-680
  4. TG: Student Handbook 11-2, p. 291
  5. TG: Student Handbook 12-1, p. 311
  6. TG: Student Handbook 16-3, pp. 423-424
  7. TG: Investigation Assessment 11, p. 303
33. SC.912.P.10.22: Construct ray diagrams and use thin lens and mirror equations to locate the images formed by lenses and mirrors.
34. 1. SE: 11-3, pp. 496-497, Reflection
  2. SE: 11-3, pp. 502-503, Formation of Images
  3. SE: 11-3, p. 504, The Lens Equation
  4. SE: 11-3, p. 505, Image of a Rubber Duck
  5. TG: Student Handbook 11-3, p. 299
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 11-3, p. 295
  7. TG: Analyzing Data 11-3, p. 296
  8. TG: PhET Simulation 11-3, p. 297
35. SC.912.P.12.1: Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities and assess which should be used to describe an event.
36. 1. SE: 1-1, p. 7
  2. SE: 1-1, p. 13
  3. SE: 7-1, p. 289
  4. TG: Student Handbook 1-1, pp. 13-14
  5. TG: Explain Video 1-1, p. 12
  6. TG: Explain Video 7-1, p. 178
  7. TG: Investigation Assessment 1, p. 31
37. SC.912.P.12.2: Analyze the motion of an object in terms of its position, velocity, and acceleration (with respect to a frame of reference) as functions of time.
38. 1. SE: 1-2, pp. 21-34
  2. SE: 1-3, pp. 35-48
  3. TG: 1-2, pp. 17-23
  4. TG: 1-3, pp. 24-30
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 1-1, p. 11
39. SC.912.P.12.3: Interpret and apply Newton's three laws of motion.
40. 1. SE: 2-1, pp. 52-63
  2. SE: 2-2, pp. 65-78
  3. SE: 2-3, pp. 79-94
  4. TG: 2-1, pp. 37-41
  5. TG: 2-2, pp. 42-47
  6. TG: 2-3, pp. 48-53
  7. TG: Modeling 8-1, p. 202
41. SC.912.P.12.4: Describe how the gravitational force between two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them.
42. 1. SE: 3-1, pp. 116-117, What Causes Free Fall?
  2. SE: 3-1, pp. 118-119, Gravitational Force
  3. SE: 3-1, p. 120, Earth and the Moon
  4. SE: 3-1, p. 119 , Questions 8-10
  5. TG: Student Handbook 3-1, p. 73
  6. TG: PhET Simulation 3-1, p. 71
  7. TG: CER 3-1, p. 72
  8. TG: Explain Video 3-1, p. 72
43. SC.912.P.12.5: Apply the law of conservation of linear momentum to interactions, such as collisions between objects.
44. 1. SE: 8-2, p. 331, Conserving Momentum
  2. SE: 8-2, p. 332, Conserving Momentum in Space
  3. SE: 8-2, p. 339, Comparing Momenta in Systems
  4. SE: 8-2, p. 341, High-Speed Collision
  5. TG: Student Handbook 8-2, p. 209
  6. TG: PhET Simulation 8-2, p. 207
  7. TG: Explain Video 8-2, p. 208
  8. TG: CER 8-2, p. 208
45. SC.912.P.12.7: Recognize that nothing travels faster than the speed of light in vacuum which is the same for all observers no matter how they or the light source are moving.
46. 1. SE: 12-1, p. 512
  2. Digital Course: EXP FL-1
  3. TG: Student Handbook 12-1, p. 311
  4. TG: Digital Course: EXP FL-1 Teacher Support, pp. T56-T57
47. SC.912.P.12.9: Recognize that time, length, and energy depend on the frame of reference.
48. 1. Digital Course: EXP FL-1
  2. TG: Digital Course: EXP FL-1 Teacher Support, pp. T56-T57
49. SC.912.N.1.1: Define a problem based on a specific body of knowledge, for example: biology, chemistry, physics, and earth/space science, and do the following:
50. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 1-4
  2. SE: 1-0, p. 5, Question 2
  3. SE: 6-0, p. 241, Question 2
  4. SE: 7-0, p. 281, Question 1
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 13-1, p. 333
  7. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
51. SC.912.N.1.1.1: Pose questions about the natural world, (Articulate the purpose of the investigation and identify the relevant scientific concepts).
52. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 1-3
  2. SE: 1-0, pp. 4-5, Investigation Opening Question and Introduction
  3. SE: 16-0, pp. 652-653, Investigation Opening Question and Introduction and Question 1
  4. SE: 2-0, p. 51, Question 3
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  6. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  7. TG: CER 15-3, p. 398
53. SC.912.N.1.1.2: Conduct systematic observations, (Write procedures that are clear and replicable. Identify observables and examine relationships between test (independent) variable and outcome (dependent) variable. Employ appropriate methods for accurate and consistent observations; conduct and record measurements at appropriate levels of precision. Follow safety guidelines).
54. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 2-3
  2. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 5-12
  3. Nature of Science EXP 3, all pages
  4. SE: p. 279, Achoring Phenomenon
  5. SE: p. 3, Achoring Phenomenon
  6. SE: p. 113, Achoring Phenomenon
  7. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
  8. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  9. TG: PhET Simulation 14-3, p. 373
55. SC.912.N.1.1.3: Examine books and other sources of information to see what is already known,
56. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, p. 1
  2. Nature of Science EXP 2, p. 3
  3. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 5
  4. SE: 16-1, p. 660, Question 9
  5. SE: 5-1, p. 199, Question 5
  6. SE: 13-2, p. 555, Question 19
  7. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
  8. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  9. TG: CER 15-3, p. 398
57. SC.912.N.1.1.4: Review what is known in light of empirical evidence, (Examine whether available empirical evidence can be interpreted in terms of existing knowledge and models, and if not, modify or develop new models).
58. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 6
  2. SE: 13-2, p. 555, Question 19
  3. SE: 12-2, p. 523, Question 17
  4. SE: 12-3, p. 521, Question 14
  5. TG: Analyzing Data 15-2, p. 391
  6. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
  7. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
59. SC.912.N.1.1.5: Plan investigations, (Design and evaluate a scientific investigation).
60. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 2-3
  2. SE: 1-0, p. 5, Question 1
  3. SE: 4-1, p. 163, Question 14
  4. SE: 9-0, p. 365, Question 3
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 13-1, p. 333
  7. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
61. SC.912.N.1.1.6: Use tools to gather, analyze, and interpret data (this includes the use of measurement in metric and other systems, and also the generation and interpretation of graphical representations of data, including data tables and graphs), (Collect data or evidence in an organized way. Properly use instruments, equipment, and materials (e.g., scales, probeware, meter sticks, microscopes, computers) including set-up, calibration, technique, maintenance, and storage).
62. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 5-12
  2. Nature of Science EXP 3, all pages
  3. SE: 12-2, p. 527, Question 26
  4. SE: 6-2, p. 258, Question 25
  5. SE: 1-1, p. 8, Head to Tail Method
  6. SE: 1-1, p. 14, An Ant on a Meter Stick
  7. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  8. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  9. TG: PhET Simulation 13-1, p. 333
63. SC.912.N.1.1.7: Pose answers, explanations, or descriptions of events,
64. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, pp. 4-5
  2. SE: 1-0, p. 5, Question 3
  3. SE: 6-4, p. 270, Question 42
  4. SE: 3-3, p. 152, Question 68
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 13-1, p. 333
  7. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
65. SC.912.N.1.1.8: Generate explanations that explicate or describe natural phenomena (inferences),
66. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, pp. 1-2
  2. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 4
  3. SE: 3-0, p. 153, Question 71
  4. SE: 7-2, p. 303, Question 35
  5. SE: 8-4, p. 353, Question 42
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 7-2, p. 183
  7. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  8. TG: CER 15-3, p. 398
67. SC.912.N.1.1.9: Use appropriate evidence and reasoning to justify these explanations to others,
68. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 5-12
  2. Nature of Science EXP 3 p. 1
  3. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 5
  4. SE: 4-1, p. 157, Question 5
  5. SE: 4-1, p. 163, Question 13
  6. SE: 12-1, p. 515, Question 5
  7. TG: CER 12-2, p. 316
  8. TG: CER 15-3, p. 398
69. SC.912.N.1.1.10: Communicate results of scientific investigations, and
70. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, pp. 4-5
  2. SE: 16-3, p. 683, Question 39
  3. TG: Analyzing Data 12-3, p. 323
  4. TG: CER 15-3, p. 398
71. SC.912.N.1.1.11: Evaluate the merits of the explanations produced by others.
72. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 6
  2. SE: 12-3, p. 535, Question 35
  3. SE: 12-3, p. 536, Question 40
  4. SE: 5-3, p. 238, Question 66
  5. TG: Peer Review Rubric 13-1, p. 336
  6. TG: Peer Review Rubric 14-2, p. 370
73. SC.912.N.1.2: Describe and explain what characterizes science and its methods.
74. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 1
  2. Nature of Science EXP 2, pp. 2-3
  3. SE: 1-2, p. 5, Question 1
  4. SE: 1-2, p. 5, Question 2
  5. TG: Explain Video 13-2, p. 340
  6. TG: Writing About Science 13-2, p. 342
  7. TG: Writing About Science 10-2, p. 258
75. SC.912.N.1.5: Describe and provide examples of how similar investigations conducted in many parts of the world result in the same outcome.
76. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 3
  2. SE: 12-2, p. 522, Photoelectric Effect
  3. TG: Explain Video 12-1, p. 310
  4. TG: CER 15-2, p. 392
77. SC.912.N.1.6: Describe how scientific inferences are drawn from scientific observations and provide examples from the content being studied.
78. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 2
  2. Nature of Science EXP 3, pp. 1-3
  3. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 4
  4. TG: Inquiry Lab 1-1, p. 11
  5. TG: Inquiry Lab 1-2, p. 18
  6. TG: CER 2-1, p. 38
  7. TG: CER 11-1, p. 284
79. SC.912.N.1.7: Recognize the role of creativity in constructing scientific questions, methods and explanations.
80. 1. Nature of Science EXP 2, p. 3
  2. SE: 11-2, p. 491, Question 38
  3. TG: Writing About Science 13-1, p. 336
  4. TG: Writing About Science 1-1, p. 15
  5. TG: CER 10-3, p. 262
81. SC.912.N.2.2: Identify which questions can be answered through science and which questions are outside the boundaries of scientific investigation, such as questions addressed by other ways of knowing, such as art, philosophy, and religion.
82. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 1
  2. SE: 10-4, p. 460, Question 67
  3. SE: 10-4, p. 459, Question 65
  4. SE: 7-0, p. 281, Question 3
  5. SE: 7-1, p. 282, Question 4
  6. TG: Analyzing Data 5-1, p. 119
  7. TG: Explain Video, p. 340
83. SC.912.N.2.4: Explain that scientific knowledge is both durable and robust and open to change. Scientific knowledge can change because it is often examined and re-examined by new investigations and scientific argumentation. Because of these frequent examinations, scientific knowledge becomes stronger, leading to its durability.
84. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 3
  2. SE: 12-2, pp. 520-521
  3. SE: 13-1, pp. 541-542
  4. SE: 16-3, p. 683, Question 39
  5. TG: Explain Video 6-1, p. 144
  6. TG: Explain Video 9-1, p. 226
  7. TG: Explain Video 13-1, p. 334
85. SC.912.N.2.5: Describe instances in which scientists' varied backgrounds, talents, interests, and goals influence the inferences and thus the explanations that they make about observations of natural phenomena and describe that competing interpretations (explanations) of scientists are a strength of science as they are a source of new, testable ideas that have the potential to add new evidence to support one or another of the explanations.
86. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 4
  2. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 7
  3. Nature of Science EXP 4, p. 6
  4. SE: 16-3, p. 683, Question 39
  5. SE: 3-3, p. 146, Kepler's Third Law
  6. SE: 12-2, pp. 520-521, Shortcomings of the Wave Theory
  7. TG: Explain Video 6-1, p. 144
  8. TG: Writing About Science 6-1, p. 146
87. SC.912.N.3.2: Describe the role consensus plays in the historical development of a theory in any one of the disciplines of science.
88. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 3
  2. SE: 16-3, p. 683, Question 39
  3. SE: 3-3, p. 146, Kepler's Third Law
  4. SE: 12-2, pp. 520-521, Shortcomings of the Wave Theory
  5. TG: Explain Video 6-1, p. 144
  6. TG: Writing About Science 6-1, p. 146
89. SC.912.N.3.3: Explain that scientific laws are descriptions of specific relationships under given conditions in nature, but do not offer explanations for those relationships.
90. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 3
  2. SE: 10-2, pp. 422-423, Ohm's Law, Ohmic Materials
  3. SE: 9-2, pp. 384-385, The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  4. SE: 3-3, p. 146, Kepler's Third Law
  5. TG: PhET Simulation 3-1, p. 71
  6. TG: Analyzing Data 3-3, p. 83
  7. TG: Explain Video 5-3, p. 133
91. SC.912.N.3.4: Recognize that theories do not become laws, nor do laws become theories; theories are well supported explanations and laws are well supported descriptions.
92. 1. Nature of Science EXP 1, p. 3
  2. SE: 12-2, pp. 520-521
  3. SE: 3-3, p. 146, Kepler's Third Law
  4. SE: 10-2, pp. 422-423, Ohm's Law, Ohmic Materials
  5. TG: Student Handbook 12-2, p. 317
  6. TG: CER 16-3, p. 422
93. SC.912.N.3.5: Describe the function of models in science, and identify the wide range of models used in science.
94. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, pp. 1-4
  2. Nature of Science EXP 2, p. 1
  3. Nature of Science EXP 2, p. 4
  4. SE: 5-2, p. 213, Question 27
  5. SE: 2-4, p. 96, Question 90
  6. SE: 8-4, p. 354, Experience It!
  7. TG: Explain Video 5-2, p. 126
  8. TG: Modeling 5-2, p. 126
  9. TG: Writing About Science 10-4, p. 271
  10. TG: Modeling 10-4, p. 268
95. SC.912.N.4.1: Explain how scientific knowledge and reasoning provide an empirically-based perspective to inform society's decision making.
96. 1. Nature of Science EXP 4, pp. 6-8
  2. SE: 10-4, p. 449-450, Human Power Needs
  3. SE: 10-4, p. 458-459, Sustainable Energy Future
  4. TG: Writing About Science 5-1, p. 122
  5. TG: Explain Video 8-3, p. 214
  6. TG: Explain Video 10-4, p. 268
97. MA.K12.MTR.1.1: Actively participate in effortful learning both individually and collectively.
98. 1. SE: 10-4, p. 449-450, Human Power Needs
  2. SE: 10-4, p. 458-459, Sustainable Energy Future
  3. SE: 10-2, p. 430, Experience It!
  4. TG: Analyzing Data 6-4, p. 162
  5. TG: Analyzing Data 15-3, p. 397
  6. TG: PhET Simulation 7-1, p. 178
99. MA.K12.MTR.2.1: Demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways.
100. 1. SE: 7-2, pp. 304-305, Bowling Ball Bounce
  2. SE: 7-3, p. 311, Modeling Systems
  3. SE: 8-2, p. 339, Comparing Momenta in Systems
  4. TG: Analyzing Data 7-1, p. 177
  5. TG: PhET Simulation 8-3, p. 214
  6. TG: Modeling 1-2, p. 19
101. MA.K12.MTR.3.1: Complete tasks with mathematical fluency.
102. 1. SE: 2-2, p. 68 , Question 35
  2. SE: 5-1, p. 210, Question 20
  3. SE: 8-2, p. 341, Question 25
  4. TG: Math Support 2-2, p. 45
  5. TG: Math Support 16-2, p. 417
  6. TG: Math Support 16-3, p. 424
103. MA.K12.MTR.4.1: Engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others.
104. 1. SE: 1-3, p. 38, Question 56
  2. SE: 11-2, p. 490, Questions 36 and 37
  3. TG: Integrate Math 9-3, p. 238
  4. TG: Integrate Math 3-2, p. 77
105. MA.K12.MTR.5.1: Use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts.
106. 1. SE: 1-2, p. 25, Question 32
  2. SE: 1-2, p. 26, Velocity Graph to Velocity Equation
  3. SE: 8-1, p. 328, Angular Impulse
  4. TG: Analyzing Data 11-3, p. 296
  5. TG: Math Support 14-1, p. 363
  6. TG: Math Support 14-3, p. 376
107. MA.K12.MTR.6.1: Assess the reasonableness of solutions.
108. 1. SE: 5-1, p. 210, 4. Evaluate
  2. SE: 5-2, p. 215, 4. Evaluate
  3. SE: 5-1, p. 223, 4. Evaluate
  4. TG: Analyzing Data 16-1, p. 409
  5. TG: Math Support 6-1, p. 145
  6. TG: Math Support 11-1, p. 285
109. MA.K12.MTR.7.1: Apply mathematics to real-world contexts.
110. 1. SE: 2-2, p. 68 , Determining Springiness
  2. SE: 5-1, p. 210, Cosmic Rays
  3. SE: 8-2, p. 341, High-Speed Collision
  4. TG: Analyzing Data 8-3, p. 213
  5. TG: PhET Simulation 2-4, p. 55
  6. TG: Inquiry Lab 15-1, p. 385
  7. TG: CER 3-1, p. 72
111. ELA.K12.EE.1.1: Cite evidence to explain and justify reasoning.
112. 1. SE: 4-1, p. 157, Question 5
  2. SE: 4-1, p. 163, Question 13
  3. SE: 12-1, p. 515, Question 5
  4. TG: CER 14-3, p. 374
  5. TG: Writing About Science 7-1, p. 180
  6. TG: Writing About Science 9-2, p. 234
113. ELA.K12.EE.2.1: Read and comprehend grade-level complex texts proficiently.
114. 1. SE: 5-1, p. 199, Question 5
  2. SE: 16-1, p. 660, Question 9
  3. SE: 13-2, p. 555, Question 19
  4. TG: Writing About Science 4-1, p. 98
  5. TG: WIDA Support 1-3, p. 25
  6. TG: WIDA Support 3-2, p. 74
115. ELA.K12.EE.3.1: Make inferences to support comprehension.
116. 1. SE: 5-1, p. 201, Vocabulary
  2. SE: 13-2, p. 542, Vocabulary
  3. SE: 7-1, p. 287, Vocabulary
  4. SE: 7-2, p. 294, Vocabulary
  5. TG: WIDA Support 8-2, p. 209
  6. TG: WIDA Support 10-4, p. 270
  7. TG: WIDA Support 13-2, p. 341
117. ELA.K12.EE.4.1: Use appropriate collaborative techniques and active listening skills when engaging in discussions in a variety of situations.
118. 1. SE: 5-3, p. 238, Question 66
  2. SE: 2-1, p. 57, Experience It!
  3. TG: Discussion Rubric 1-1, p. 15
  4. TG: Discussion Rubric 1-3, p. 29
  5. TG: Discussion Rubric 3-1, p. 74
119. ELA.K12.EE.5.1: Use the accepted rules governing a specific format to create quality work.
120. 1. SE: 10-2, p. 430, Question 28
  2. SE: 16-3, p. 650, Investigative Phenomenon CER
  3. SE: 12-2, p. 528, Investigative Phenomenon CER
  4. TG: Writing About Science 1-2, p. 22
  5. TG: Writing About Science 2-3, p. 52
  6. TG: Writing About Science 2-4, p. 59
121. ELA.K12.EE.6.1: Use appropriate voice and tone when speaking or writing.
122. 1. SE: 5-3, p. 238, Question 66
  2. SE: 6-2, p. 257, Question 23
  3. SE: 10-0, p. 461, Question 71
  4. TG: Writing About Science 2-2, p. 40
  5. TG: Writing About Science 3-3, p. 87
  6. TG: Writing About Science 4-2, p. 104
123. ELD.K12.ELL.SC.1: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Science.
124. 1. SE: 5-1, p. 199, Question 5
  2. SE: 5-3, p. 238, Question 66
  3. TG: WIDA Support 1-1, p. 11
  4. TG: WIDA Support 1-2, p. 21
  5. TG: WIDA Support 2-2, p. 39
125. ELD.K12.ELL.SI.1: English language learners communicate for social and instructional purposes within the school setting.
126. 1. SE: 5-3, p. 238, Question 66
  2. SE: 13-1, p. 543, Experience It!
  3. SE: 2-1, p. 57, Experience It!
  4. TG: Discussion Rubric 16-1, p. 412
  5. TG: Differentiated Instruction 1-2, p. 21